Authors
1
PhD Candidate in Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Science and Technology Studies, Institute for Cultural, Social and Civilizational Studies, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: This article, compares entrepreneurial action with four types of social and economic actions from Max Weber's perspective. In this context, the characteristics of social actions, including goal-oriented rational action, value-oriented rational action, emotional action, and traditional action, were first examined, and then the similarities and differences between these actions and entrepreneurial action were analyzed.
Methodology: The research was conducted using an analytical-descriptive method, and data were collected through the review and analysis of existing literature and documents related to Weber’s social actions.
Results: The research found that entrepreneurial action shares rational and goal-oriented characteristics with both goal-oriented rational action and economic action; however, it shows significant differences in emotional and traditional aspects. The findings of the research revealed that, compared to goal-oriented rational action, entrepreneurial action pays more attention to uncertain environments and social changes, and does not rely on a repetitive process. In comparison with value-oriented rational action, entrepreneurial action selects multiple goals and evaluates their consequences according to market and customer needs. Moreover, in comparison with emotional action, entrepreneurial action depends on logical and informational evaluation, and unlike traditional action, which is based on habits, it emphasizes innovation and creativity.
Conclusions: The conclusion of this article shows that entrepreneurial action, with its rational and goal-oriented characteristics, resembles some of Weber's types of actions, but at the same time, it has notable differences from other types of actions, especially emotional and traditional actions.
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