معاونت پژوهشی دانشگاه تبریز Journal of Economic & Developmental Sociology 2322-4371 14 1 2025 08 30 The Place of Economics in Pre-Capitalist Discourses (With emphasis on the views of Fakhr-e Razi and Mohammad Ghazali) The Place of Economics in Pre-Capitalist Discourses (With emphasis on the views of Fakhr-e Razi and Mohammad Ghazali) 32 50 20292 10.22034/jeds.2025.65234.1840 FA Naser Sedghi Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Law, Social Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2024 12 31 <strong>Introduction</strong><strong>:</strong> In the current research, it has been discussed that Abu Hamid Mohammad Ghazali (450-505 AH) and Abu Abdullah Fakhr Razi (544-606 AH) what opinions and views had about economics and professions. <strong>Research</strong> <strong>Method</strong>: Qualitative content analysis is based on the works of each of the thinkers selected for this study. The research seeks to answer the question of what intellectual and epistemological foundations are the views of Fakhr Razi and Muhammad Ghazali on economic issues and topics based on, and what status does economics have in their system of thought? <strong>Results</strong>: Fakhr Razi is a representative of the school of thought known as Ahl al-Hikmat and Mohammad Ghazali is also a representative of a school of thought known as Ahl al-Sharia. Fakhr Razi has discussed issues and topics related to economics in the book “Jame Al-ulum” under the practical wisdom and knowledge of home management and politics. Ghazali has also discussed the issues and topics of economics under the principles of jurisprudence in his book, “Ahya Ol Ulum Ol Din”. It can be said that Muslim philosophers have paid attention to the topics and issues related to the economy under the knowledge known as practical wisdom. Muslim jurists have also brought the issues and topics of economics under the topics related to jurisprudence. As a result, the viewpoints of Ghazali and Fakhrazi show that, Contrary to the ontology and epistemology of the modern era, in the pre-modern era, economic issues and affairs did not have independent existential and epistemological validity. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: In both discursive approaches, the economy does not have an independent existential and epistemological position, and its existence is subject to non-economic phenomena such as family, Sharia, and the state. <strong>Introduction</strong><strong>:</strong> In the current research, it has been discussed that Abu Hamid Mohammad Ghazali (450-505 AH) and Abu Abdullah Fakhr Razi (544-606 AH) what opinions and views had about economics and professions. <strong>Research</strong> <strong>Method</strong>: Qualitative content analysis is based on the works of each of the thinkers selected for this study. The research seeks to answer the question of what intellectual and epistemological foundations are the views of Fakhr Razi and Muhammad Ghazali on economic issues and topics based on, and what status does economics have in their system of thought? <strong>Results</strong>: Fakhr Razi is a representative of the school of thought known as Ahl al-Hikmat and Mohammad Ghazali is also a representative of a school of thought known as Ahl al-Sharia. Fakhr Razi has discussed issues and topics related to economics in the book “Jame Al-ulum” under the practical wisdom and knowledge of home management and politics. Ghazali has also discussed the issues and topics of economics under the principles of jurisprudence in his book, “Ahya Ol Ulum Ol Din”. It can be said that Muslim philosophers have paid attention to the topics and issues related to the economy under the knowledge known as practical wisdom. Muslim jurists have also brought the issues and topics of economics under the topics related to jurisprudence. As a result, the viewpoints of Ghazali and Fakhrazi show that, Contrary to the ontology and epistemology of the modern era, in the pre-modern era, economic issues and affairs did not have independent existential and epistemological validity. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: In both discursive approaches, the economy does not have an independent existential and epistemological position, and its existence is subject to non-economic phenomena such as family, Sharia, and the state. https://sociology.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_20292_5f6873ed6696f6c8ce1b94ac79a1d57d.pdf